Computer Programs
Las Vegas, Woodstock, and Palisade Years
Index
19670900                              19931109                              19950000

1967: I said "Hello" in September 1967 while taking a FORTRAN class. Our first assignment was to flow chart a solution to the squares game. I'm sure you recognize the picture at right; the object is to get squares aligned in the picture. Other students turned in one or ½ page flow charts. I turned in a 14 page chart that solved the problem. Computer programming is better logic training than anything, even math. It's all "if-then" boolean logic.

 16 square puzzle

1993: The following table list six computer programs for an IBM compatible personal computer; five the BASIC and one in C programming languages. These six programs were submitted to the Library of Congress to establish copyrights. The table provides a general description, pages, and subprocedures for each program.

VOICES.BAS Plays sounds of various frequencies and various instruments or VOICES through an installed sound card compatible with Creative Lab Inc.'s SoundBlaster Pro card. The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Corp. BASIC 7.0 Professional Development System. computer source code with comment lines 17 pages; 13 subprocedures.
ESQ.C Draws on a VGA terminal display screen successively larger representations of mathematical equations using colors to accentuate successive sizes. The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Quick C, Version 2.51. computer source code with comment lines 10 pages; 2 functions.
SVGA.BAS Displays representations of Mandelbrot mathematical sets on a terminal display screen using screen modes ranging from 256 color-320x240 pixels to 256 color-1024x768 pixels, the latter and others displayed by the program generally known as Super Video Graphics Array (SVGA) displays. The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Corp. BASIC 7.0 Professional Development System. computer source code with comment lines 22 pages; 17 subprocedures.
BIRDSONG.BAS Plays sounds of various frequencies in defined sequences to mimic the sounds of various songbirds, including a cardinal, black whiskered vereo, indigo bunting, and others. The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Corp. BASIC 7.0 Professional Development System. computer source code with comment lines 19 pages; 8 subprocedures.
PCL_BMAP.BAS Sends PCL (Printer Command Language) instructions to printers attached to the computer. The printer commands allow user-selected raster graphics images of various Mandelbrot and Julia mathematical sets to be displayed at resolutions of 75 to 600 dots per inch (dpi). The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Corp. BASIC 7.0 Professional Development System. computer source code with comment lines 20 pages; 12 subprocedures.
PALETTE.BAS Displays on the screen 256K possible colors associated with each of 16 color attributes in VGA mode 18 (12 hex). The source code was written entirely by me using Microsoft Corp. BASIC 7.0 Professional Development System. computer source code with comment lines 4 pages; no subprocedures.



1995: Writing BASIC computer programs: SPARTAN, mandel, orbits, etc till it became a chore and I ran into memory and module staging limits. FM Music Programming for the computer explored while learning to make music as the Mandelbrot Set chaotic functions interate, assigning frequencies to "escape" ranges

 EXPLANATION OF REGISTERS
SBI File offset(H)     24   25   26   27   28   29   2A   2B   2C   2D   2E   2F   30   31   32   33
SBI File offset(D)     36    37   38   39   40   41   42   43    44    45    46   47   48   49   50   51

Instrument 1     &H21   &H11   &H4C   &H00   &HF1   &HF2   &H63   &H72   &H00   &H00   &H04   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 2     &HA5  &HB1   &HD2   &H80   &H81   &HF1   &H03   &H05   &H00   &H00   &H02   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 3     &H72   &H62   &H1C   &H05   &H51   &H52   &H03   &H13   &H00   &H00   &H0E   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 4     &H11   &H01   &H8A   &H40   &HF1   &HF1   &H11   &HB3   &H00   &H00   &H06   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 5     &H21   &H11   &H11   &H00   &HA3   &HC4   &H43   &H22   &H02   &H00   &H0D   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 6     &H31   &HA1  &H1C   &H80   &H41   &H92   &H0B   &H3B   &H00   &H00   &H0E   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 7     &H71   &H62   &HC5   &H05   &H6E  &H8B   &H17   &H0E   &H00   &H00   &H02   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 8     &H41   &H91   &H83    &H00   &H65   &H32   &H05   &H74   &H00   &H00   &H0A   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 9     &H32   &H16   &H87   &H80   &HA1   &H7D   &H10   &H33   &H00   &H00   &H08   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00
Instrument 10   &H01   &H13   &H8D   &H00   &H51   &H52   &H53   &H7C   &H01   &H00   &H0C   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00   &H00

Sequential Number          1   2   3   4    5     6    7     8     9    10    11    12    13    14    15    16
FM Ch(1) Register (H)   20   23   40   43   60   63   80   83   E0   E3   C0   A0   B0     -       -
FM Ch(2) Register (H)   21   24   41   44   61   64   81   84   E1   E4   C1   A1   B1     -       -
FM Ch(3) Register (H)   22   25   42   45   62   65   82   85   E2   E5   C2   A2   B2     -       -
FM Ch(4) Register (H)   28   2B   48  4B   68  6B   88   8B   E8  EB   C3   A3   B3     -       -
FM Ch(5) Register (H)   29   2C   49  4C   69  6C   89   8C   E9  EC   C4   A4   B4     -       -
FM Ch(6) Register (H)   2A  2D   4A  4D  6A  6D  8A  8D   EA  ED  C5   A5   B5     -       -
FM Ch(7) Register (H)   30   33   50   53   70   73   90   93   F0   F3   C6   A6   B6     -       -
FM Ch(8) Register (H)   31   34   51   54   71   74   91   94   F1   F4   C7   A7   B7     -       -
FM Ch(9) Register (H)   32   35   52   55   72   75   92   95   F2   F5   C8   A8   B8     -       -

INSTRUMENT TIMBRE, FOR 18 OPERATIONAL CELL REGISTERS (389H)

No.   Explanation                                                       Registers
  1     modular sound characteristics                           20 - 35H
  2     carrier sound characteristics                              20 - 35H
  3     modular scaling output level                             40 - 55H
  4     carrier scaling output level                                40 - 55H
  5     modular attack and decay                                  60 - 75H
  6     carrier attack and decay                                     60 - 75H
  7     modular sustain level and release rate               80 - 95H
  8     carrier sustain level and release rate                  80 - 95H
  9     modular waveform select                                   E0 - F5H
10   carrier waveform select                                        EO - F5H
11   feedback and connection                                      C0 -C8H
12   frequency code lower 8 bits                                 A0 - A8H
13   frequency code upper 2 bits                                 B0 - B8H, block, key-on
14-16 reserved for future use                                      NA

INSTRUMENT TONES, FOR 9 FM CHANNEL REGISTERS (389H)

No.   Explanation                                                        Registers
  1     frequency code, lower 8 bits 0-256                   A0 - A8H
  2     frequency code, upper 2 bits 256-1024             B0 - B8H, bits 0-1
  3     octave used in computing frequency 0-8           B0 - B8H, bits 2-4
  4     on-off switch for channel tone generation         B0 - B8H, bit 5
  5     feedback and connection (see 11 above)           C0 - C8H

INSTRUMENT VOLUME, MIXER CHIP REGISTERS (225H)

No.   Explanation                                                         Register
  1     master volume for FM synthesizer                     22H
  2     FM volume                                                         26H